THE AFRICAN CONTINENT
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At about 30.2 million km² (11.7 million sq mi) including adjacent islands, Africa covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Africa straddles the equator and encompasses numerous climate areas; it is the only continent to stretch from the northern temperate to southern temperate zones. The continent has 54 sovereign states and the expected economic growth rate is at about 5.0% for 2010 and 5.5% in 2011.
